Quartz vs. Granite Fabrication: Assessing the Risks

Frederick M Hueston   StoneForensics.com

In the world of construction and interior design, quartz and granite are two of the most popular materials used for countertops, flooring, and other applications. While both have their advantages in terms of durability and aesthetic appeal, they also pose certain risks during the fabrication process.

Introduction to Quartz and Granite

Quartz is an engineered stone made by combining over 90% natural quartz crystals with resin and pigments. Its manufacturing process allows for a wide range of colors and patterns, making it a favorite among designers and homeowners.

Granite, on the other hand, is a natural stone composed of various minerals, including quartz, feldspar, and mica. Its composition can vary, but typically, granite contains 20% to 60% quartz. This natural variability results in a unique pattern and color for each slab.

Fabrication Risks: A Comparative Overview

The primary health concern in fabricating both quartz and granite is the inhalation of dust, particularly silica dust, which can lead to serious respiratory diseases like silicosis.

Silica Dust Exposure:

Quartz: The high quartz content (over 90%) in engineered stone means that fabrication processes such as cutting, grinding, or polishing release a substantial amount of silica dust.

Granite: Although granite also contains quartz, its lower percentage results in comparatively less silica dust release during fabrication.

Volume and Concentration of Dust:

Quartz: Due to its higher quartz content, the concentration of silica in the dust produced during fabrication is higher. This makes the environment more hazardous for workers unless proper dust suppression and extraction systems are in place.

Granite: The dust produced while cutting granite has a lower concentration of silica. However, it still poses a significant health risk if safety measures are not followed.

Regulatory Compliance and Safety Measures:

In many regions, including the U.S., there are stringent regulations for workplaces where silica dust is a concern. Compliance with these regulations is crucial for both quartz and granite fabrication.

Worker Training and Awareness:

Proper training in handling and fabrication techniques, along with awareness about the risks of silica dust, are essential in reducing hazards.

Technological Solutions and Safety Practices

To mitigate these risks, several safety practices and technological solutions are adopted in the industry:

Dust Suppression and Ventilation Systems: Effective dust collection and ventilation systems are crucial in reducing airborne silica dust.

Wet Cutting Methods: Using water during cutting can significantly reduce the amount of dust released.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wearing masks, goggles, and protective clothing is essential for worker safety.

Regular Health Checkups: Regular medical screenings for workers can help in early detection of silica-related diseases.

When comparing the risks associated with fabricating quartz and granite, it is evident that quartz poses a higher risk due to its higher concentration of silica. However, it’s important to note that both materials require careful handling and adherence to safety protocols to minimize health risks. Technological advancements and strict adherence to safety regulations are key in ensuring the safety of workers in the industry. Ultimately, while both materials have their specific risks, with the right safety measures in place, they can be fabricated relatively safely.